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The two main parameters of ultrasound are:
Frequency: F20KHz (in practical applications, F15K sound waves are usually referred to as ultrasound due to their similar effects);
Power density: p=emission power (W)/emission area (cm2); Usually p 0.3w/cm2; The ultrasonic wave propagating in liquid can clean the dirt on the surface of an object, and its principle can be explained by cavitation phenomenon: when the sound wave pressure propagated by ultrasonic vibration in liquid reaches one atmosphere, its power density is 0.35w/cm2. At this time, the peak sound wave pressure of ultrasonic wave can reach vacuum or negative pressure, but in reality, there is no negative pressure present. Therefore, a large pressure is generated in the liquid, which pulls the liquid molecules apart into a cavity and cavitation nucleus.
This cavity is very close to a vacuum, and it ruptures when the ultrasonic pressure reaches a high level in the opposite direction. The strong impact generated by the rupture impacts the dirt on the surface of the object. This shock wave phenomenon caused by the rupture of countless small cavitation bubbles is called cavitation phenomenon. Too low sound intensity cannot produce cavitation effects.
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